Skip to content
the autism kit
Long read

The complete guide to first-then boards

What they are, why they work, how to make your first one tonight, and what to do when your child says no.

2 min read · 7 chaptersReviewed by [BCBA NAME], BCBAUpdated [DATE]
Short on time? The 30-second version

Show two pictures: the task, then something your child wants. Show it before the transition, use few words, and deliver the "then" right away. Keep it the same for a week before changing anything.

Listen to this articleAbout 2 min
Read aloud · speed
Chapter 1

What is a first-then board?

A first-then board shows two pictures side by side: first, the thing that needs to happen, and then, what comes after. "First shoes, then park." That's the whole idea.

It's often the simplest visual support to start with, because it answers just one question: what happens after this?

A first-then board uses two pictures. Keep the "then" something your child genuinely wants.
Back to top ↑
Chapter 2

Why does it work?

Transitions are hard when the next thing is invisible. A first-then board makes it visible, and pairs a less-preferred task with something your child looks forward to.

Visual supports are recognized as an evidence-based practice for autistic children, and first-then boards are one of the most common ones clinicians teach families.1

Back to top ↑
Chapter 3

How do I make my first board tonight?

You need two pictures and something to put them on. Here's the quickest way:

  1. Pick one tricky moment. Leaving the park, turning off a screen, bath time.
  2. Choose the "then." A snack, a song, a favorite toy. Small and immediate.
  3. Take two photos or draw two simple pictures.
  4. Put them side by side, labeled "First" and "Then."
Back to top ↑
Chapter 4

How do I use it through the day?

Show the board before the transition, not in the middle of it. Point to "first," say it in a word or two, then point to "then."

"First shoes, then park." Point, pause, and let the pictures do the talking.

When "first" is done, deliver "then" right away. That follow-through is what builds trust in the board.

Back to top ↑
Chapter 5

What if my child says no?

That's expected, especially in the first few days. Stay calm, keep your words short, and keep showing the board.

  • Make the "first" step smaller: "First one shoe."
  • Check that the "then" is something your child really wants right now.
  • Offer a choice between two "then" options.
Back to top ↑
Chapter 6

When do we move to a full schedule?

Once first-then feels easy, add a third picture. Then a fourth. Before long, you have a visual schedule for a whole routine.

Week 1: first-then
Week 2: three steps
Later: a full routine
Back to top ↑
Chapter 7

Should we fade it out?

Some kids use the board less as a routine becomes familiar. Others keep using it for years. Both are completely fine. The goal is an easier day, not independence from pictures.

If you do want to fade it, try showing it only at the start of the routine, then only when your child seems unsure.

Back to top ↑

Summary

  • Two pictures: first, then.
  • Show it before the transition.
  • Keep "then" small, quick and wanted.
  • Follow through every time.
  • Add steps when it feels easy.

Sources

  1. [Citation for evidence on visual supports, with link]

Last reviewed [DATE] by [BCBA NAME], BCBA. How we write and review our guides.

Was this guide helpful?
Share this guide with someone who'd find it useful
About the reviewer: [BCBA NAME], BCBA[One or two sentences on the reviewer's credentials and experience, provided and approved by them.]

One small, useful tip a week

Practical ideas reviewed by a BCBA, plus a free printable to start. Unsubscribe anytime.

We never sell or share your email.